The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has prompted discussions about potential mediators who could facilitate a peaceful resolution. India, with its historical ties to both nations and its strategic position on the global stage, has emerged as a potential candidate for this delicate role. The question arises: Is it time for New Delhi to step forward and mediate in the Ukraine-Russia war?
India’s diplomatic stance since the onset of the conflict has been one of careful neutrality. The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) expressed willingness to support peaceful solutions, stating, “India is willing to provide all possible support and contributions required to help find peaceful solutions to this complex issue.” This position reflects India’s broader foreign policy approach of maintaining strategic autonomy while engaging constructively with global powers.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s interactions with global leaders further underscore India’s potential as a mediator. In October 2024, during the BRICS summit, Modi conveyed to Russian President Vladimir Putin India’s desire for peace in Ukraine and offered support in achieving a truce. This dialogue highlighted India’s commitment to peaceful conflict resolution and its readiness to play a constructive role.
The geopolitical landscape has evolved with the BRICS summit in Kazan, Russia, where leaders from China, India, and other nations convened to counter Western influence. The summit’s expansion to include countries like Iran, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia signifies a shift towards a multipolar world order. India’s active participation in such forums enhances its credibility as a neutral mediator capable of bridging divides between conflicting parties.
External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar articulated India’s openness to mediation in February 2024, emphasizing that New Delhi is “deeply convinced, and is publicly committed to bringing the conflict to an end.” He highlighted India’s readiness to assist when approached, reflecting a pragmatic approach to international diplomacy.
The timing for India’s potential mediation is crucial. The conflict has led to significant casualties on both sides, with reports indicating nearly 800,000 Russian troops in Ukraine and substantial losses. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s suggestion of deploying foreign troops until NATO membership is secured indicates a complex security situation requiring nuanced diplomatic interventions.
India’s longstanding relationships with both Russia and Western nations position it uniquely to facilitate dialogue. Historically, India has maintained a stable and friendly relationship with Russia, while also engaging constructively with Western powers. This balanced approach allows New Delhi to act as a credible intermediary, trusted by diverse stakeholders.
The potential benefits of Indian mediation extend beyond the immediate conflict. Facilitating peace between Russia and Ukraine could enhance India’s global standing, showcasing its ability to contribute meaningfully to international peace and security. Such a role aligns with India’s aspirations for a more prominent position in global governance structures, including a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council.
However, challenges to this mediating role exist. The complexities of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, influenced by deep-seated historical grievances and geopolitical rivalries, require careful navigation. India would need to balance its mediation efforts without alienating key partners or compromising its strategic interests.
Moreover, the success of any mediation effort depends on the willingness of the conflicting parties to engage in dialogue. While India’s neutrality is an asset, the entrenched positions of Russia and Ukraine necessitate confidence-building measures and assurances that any mediation would be impartial and aimed at achieving a sustainable peace.
In conclusion, India’s potential role as a mediator in the Russia-Ukraine conflict is both an opportunity and a challenge. New Delhi’s strategic autonomy, historical ties, and balanced foreign policy provide a foundation for constructive engagement. However, the complexities of the conflict require a nuanced approach, careful diplomacy, and the consent of all involved parties. As the situation evolves, India’s readiness to contribute to peace efforts could enhance its global standing and reaffirm its commitment to a multipolar and peaceful world order.
